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    The Paradox of Gendarmeries

    Between Expansion, Demilitarization and Dissolution

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    Author(s)
    Lutterbeck, Derek
    Language
    English
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    Abstract
    This paper describes and explains the evolution of gendarmerie-type forces, i.e. police forces with a military status, over the past three decades. It focuses on their institutional features and functions, including material and human resources, and uses case studies from Europe, the Middle East and North Africa to illustrate these characteristics in different contexts. The overall development of gendarmeries has been a somewhat paradoxical one. On the one hand, most of these forces have witnessed a considerable expansion, and come to assume an increasingly prominent role in addressing many of the currently most important security challenges, ranging from border control and counterterrorism to public order tasks in international peace operations. On the other hand, there has also been a trend towards the demilitarization of gendarmeries, which in some European countries has ultimately led to their dissolution and integration into the civilian police. The paper suggests an explanation of these seemingly contradictory developments with reference to two broad â and at least partly opposing â trends: the convergence of internal and external security agendas, which to a large extent is a post-Cold War phenomenon; and the demilitarization of internal security, which is a more long-term historical trend and part of the more general democratization process. Based on this analysis, the paper predicts that in the long run gendarmeries are likely to be further demilitarized, eventually losing their formal military status, although in the context of international peace operations militarized gendarmerie forces are expected to play an increasingly significant part.
    URI
    http://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/25843
    Keywords
    security sector reform; good governance; gendarmerie; police; paramilitary
    DOI
    10.5334/bbs
    ISBN
    9781911529354
    OCN
    1100489802
    Publisher
    Ubiquity Press
    Publisher website
    https://www.ubiquitypress.com/
    Publication date and place
    London, 2013
    Series
    SSR Papers, 8
    Classification
    Politics and government
    Warfare and defence
    Pages
    66
    Rights
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    • Imported or submitted locally

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    License

    • If not noted otherwise all contents are available under Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

    Credits

    • logo EU
    • This project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 683680, 810640, 871069 and 964352.

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