This book addresses the theme of historical narratives during the Sandinista Popular Revolution (1979–1989) and the government of Violeta Barrios de Chamorro (1990–1996) in Nicaragua. The common factor in 1979 and 1990 is that different social actors used history as a tool to legitimise their political position, establishing their interpretation as the only or true one, while at the same time denying or concealing other possible interpretations. These links between history and politics are understood under the analytical concept of the politics of history. In this context, intellectuals and historians played a key role in determining how history is written, what is remembered and what is forgotten. The establishment of history as a science in Nicaragua since the 19th century is analysed, developing a general overview of historiographical traditions and, based on this, the hypothesis of the existence of three central narratives in the official history of Nicaragua is put forward: the first corresponds to the image of caudillos and/or prominent figures, the second focuses on martyrs and the last on heroes without guns. The sources used are historiographical studies, political pamphlets, magazines, speeches by politicians, and newspapers, all of which are analysed using the method of critical discourse analysis.