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    Biometric Identification, Law and Ethics

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    Author(s)
    Smith, Marcus
    Miller, Seumas
    Collection
    European Research Council (ERC); Austrian Science Fund (FWF); EU collection
    Language
    English
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    Abstract
    This book is open access. This book undertakes a multifaceted and integrated examination of biometric identification, including the current state of the technology, how it is being used, the key ethical issues, and the implications for law and regulation. The five chapters examine the main forms of contemporary biometrics–fingerprint recognition, facial recognition and DNA identification– as well the integration of biometric data with other forms of personal data, analyses key ethical concepts in play, including privacy, individual autonomy, collective responsibility, and joint ownership rights, and proposes a raft of principles to guide the regulation of biometrics in liberal democracies. Biometric identification technology is developing rapidly and being implemented more widely, along with other forms of information technology. As products, services and communication moves online, digital identity and security is becoming more important. Biometric identification facilitates this transition. Citizens now use biometrics to access a smartphone or obtain a passport; law enforcement agencies use biometrics in association with CCTV to identify a terrorist in a crowd, or identify a suspect via their fingerprints or DNA; and companies use biometrics to identify their customers and employees. In some cases the use of biometrics is governed by law, in others the technology has developed and been implemented so quickly that, perhaps because it has been viewed as a valuable security enhancement, laws regulating its use have often not been updated to reflect new applications. However, the technology associated with biometrics raises significant ethical problems, including in relation to individual privacy, ownership of biometric data, dual use and, more generally, as is illustrated by the increasing use of biometrics in authoritarian states such as China, the potential for unregulated biometrics to undermine fundamental principles of liberal democracy. Resolving these ethical problems is a vital step towards more effective regulation.
    URI
    https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/61241
    Keywords
    Law Enforcement; Biometric Identification; Facial Recognition; Digital Fingerprint; Genomic Information; Philosophy and Law; Security Studies; Cyber Security; Military Ethics; Applied Ethics
    DOI
    10.1007/978-3-030-90256-8
    ISBN
    9783030902568, 9783030902568
    Publisher
    Springer Nature
    Publisher website
    https://www.springernature.com/gp/products/books
    Publication date and place
    Cham, 2021
    Grantor
    • H2020 European Research Council - 670172 - GTCMR Research grant informationFind all documents
    • Australian Research Council - DP180103439 - […] Research grant informationFind all documents
    Imprint
    Springer International Publishing
    Series
    SpringerBriefs in Ethics,
    Classification
    Political science and theory
    Crime and criminology
    Pattern recognition
    Ethics and moral philosophy
    Sociology
    Digital and information technologies: Legal aspects
    Pages
    99
    Rights
    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
    • Imported or submitted locally

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    License

    • If not noted otherwise all contents are available under Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

    Credits

    • logo EU
    • This project received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 683680, 810640, 871069 and 964352.

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