Vigne, vin et changement climatique

Abstract

Climate change is having a number of effects on vines, including earlier development, possibly leading to greater vulnerability to spring frosts and a definite advance in the grape ripening period. In addition, increasingly intense extreme weather events, such as heat waves or torrential rains, are causing significant damage. Water stress - more pronounced in southern France - is having a marked effect on yields. All French vineyards are affected. As a result, wine characteristics changed, with higher alcohol content, lower acidity and changes in aroma. At the same time, new territories are becoming favorable for vine planting. Faced with these challenges, the key is to adapt more quickly. But what are the paths to follow and what decisions need to be taken, whether at local or national level? After ten years of research into adapting the French vine and wine industry to climate change, the Laccave project, led by INRAE, came to an end in 2021. This book summarizes the results, exploring possible levers for action: new grape varieties, improved soil, water and vineyard management, land reorganization, oenological innovations, new regulations... It offers a systemic and strategic vision that shows how these actions can be implemented through participatory approaches at different levels, from the winegrower to the sector's climate policy. This reference work is aimed primarily at industry professionals, teacher-researchers and students.