Publications
Now showing items 81-160 of 680
Chapter Nanoparticle Formation by Laser Ablation and by Spark Discharges — Properties, Mechanisms, and Control Possibilities
(2015)
Mobile robot platforms have a wide range of hardware configurations in order to accomplish challenging tasks and require an efficient and accurate localization system to navigate in the environment. The objective of this ...
Chapter Corrosion Detection for Automated Visual Inspection
(2014)
Electrical engineering
Chapter Topological Characterization and Advanced Noise-Filtering Techniques for Phase Unwrapping of Interferometric Data Stacks
(2016)
Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) have been extensively used in a wealth of telecom and datacom applications as a powerful building block that features large optical gain, all-optical gating function, fast response, ...
Chapter Silica-Based Nanovectors: From Mother Nature to Biomedical Applications
(2016)
Energy management in households gets increasingly more attention in the struggle to integrate more sustainable energy sources. Especially in the electrical system, smart grid systems are envisioned to be part in the efforts ...
Chapter Usage of Infrared-Based Technologies in Forensic Sciences
(2016)
Artificial intelligence
Chapter Active and Passive Acoustic Methods for In-situ Monitoring of the Ocean Status
(2017)
Recent European strategic plans for the successful monitoring of the status of the ocean push on the development of an integrated observing system able to further link existing instruments and techniques with the aim to ...
Chapter Ultra-Thin Plasma-Polymerized Functional Coatings for Biosensing: Polyacrylic Acid, Polystyrene and Their Co-Polymer
(2016)
The photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide have been widely studied over recent decades since the discovery of water photolysis by TiO2 electrodes in 1972. Titanium dioxide has three main crystal polymorphs; anatase, ...
Chapter Wage Concentration in Spain: A Spatial Analysis
(2016)
This chapter overviews different approaches for the synthesis of nanostructured materials based on alternative methodologies to the most conventional and widespread colloidal wet chemical route and with a great potential ...
Chapter Smart Specialisation Strategies as Drivers for (Smart) Sustainable Urban Development
(2016)
The place-based approach is at the forefront of the current European cohesion policy reform. The Smart Specialisation Strategy (S3) boosts economic development through research and innovation. It is built on place-based ...
Chapter Applying Heat for Joining Textile Materials
(2016)
The middle of the last century presents the beginning of a wide use of heat technologies for joining of the textile materials. Up to now, adhesive bonding/fusing of textile materials by application of heat and pressure ...
Chapter Applications of the Selective Laser Melting Technology in the Industrial and Medical Fields
(2016)
The existence of an MCP Realizer II SLM 250 equipment at the National Centre of Innovative Manufacturing from the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca (TUC-N) facilitated the starting of different research activities in ...
Chapter Introductory Chapter: Land Use Change Ecosystem Services and Tropical Forests
(2016)
Meteorology & climatology
Chapter Plasmonics in Sensing: From Colorimetry to SERS Analytics
(2018)
This chapter gives a brief overview of plasmonic nanoparticle (NP)-based sensing concepts ranging from classical spectral-shift colorimetry to the highly active field of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. ...
Chapter Production of Microbial Lipids from Lignocellulosic Biomass
(2018)
The current industrial production of the biodiesel relies mainly on vegetable oils that could result in the shortage of edible oils in food markets and increase in their prices. Microbial lipids produced by oleaginous ...
Chapter Operations Management and Decision Making in Deployment of an On-Site Biological Analytical Capacity
(2018)
Deployment of an on-site laboratory to contain an expanding outbreak and protect public health through rapid diagnosis of infected patients and identification of their contacts is a challenging and complex response, further ...
Chapter Plasma Polymerization for Tissue Engineering Purposes
(2018)
The ability of non-equilibrium plasmas to modify surfaces has been known for many years. And a promising way to perform surface modifications without altering the bulk properties is plasma polymerization since this technique ...
Chapter Urban and Industrial Habitats: How Important They Are for Ecosystem Services
(2018)
The sustainable management of natural resources can make human survival possible. Sustainable management is based on a deep understanding of the complex mechanisms of the Earth’s natural ecosystems and of how those resources ...
Chapter Microbial Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon – Contaminated Marine Environments
(2018)
Petroleum pollution has become a serious environmental problem, which can cause harmful damage to the environment and human health. This pollutant is introduced into the environment from both natural and anthropogenic ...
Chapter Hyaluronic-Based Antibacterial Hydrogel Coating for Implantable Biomaterials in Orthopedics and Trauma: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications
(2018)
Bacterial colonization of implanted biomaterials remains one of the most challenging complications in orthopedics and trauma surgery, with extremely high social and economic costs. Antibacterial coating of implants has ...
Chapter Quality Management in Spice Paprika Production: From Cultivation to End Product
(2018)
There is ample historical and scientifically proven information regarding the health benefits of spice paprika, including favourable physiological effects, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Nonetheless, even ...
Chapter The Cross Talk among Autophagy, Ubiquitination, and DNA Repair: An Overview
(2018)
Cellular plasticity is modulated by protein posttranslational modifications, which act on most intracellular pathways. Ubiquitination is a versatile posttranslational modification (PTM) that influences protein fate, ...
Chapter Dietary Omega-6/Omega-3 and Endocannabinoids: Implications for Brain Health and Diseases
(2016)
In this study, we compare two economic models of urban gardening in Ljubljana, Slovenia. First is an avoided costs model (ACM) and the second one is a business model (BM). Comparison is made to exemplify the main economic ...
Chapter Adaptive High Linearity Intensity Modulator for Advanced Microwave Photonic Links
(2017)
This chapter, first, presents the motivation behind the need for adaptive, highly linear electro-optic modulators and an overview of the different optical linearization approaches of electro-optic modulators. Then, the ...
Chapter Dendritic Cell Endocytosis Essential for Viruses and Vaccines
(2017)
Nanoconstruction of metals is a significant challenge for the future manufacturing of plasmonic devices. Such a technology requires the development of ultra‐fast, high‐throughput and low cost fabrication schemes. Laser ...
Chapter Interoperability in a Heterogeneous Team of Search and Rescue Robots
(2017)
Search and rescue missions are complex operations. A disaster scenario is generally unstructured, time‐varying and unpredictable. This poses several challenges for the successful deployment of unmanned technology. The ...
Chapter Nitric Oxide: Key Features in Spermatozoa
(2017)
Several in vitro studies have pointed to the importance of nitric oxide (NO) in the female and male reproductive system in mammals. Its functions vary from preventing oocyte aging, improving the integrity of the microtubular ...
Chapter Solution-Processed Graphene-Based Transparent Conductive Electrodes as Ideal ITO Alternatives for Organic Solar Cells
(2017)
The isolation of free-standing graphene in 2004 was the spark for a new scientific revolution in the field of optoelectronics. Due to its extraordinary optoelectronic and mechanical properties, graphene is the next wonder ...
Chapter Microalgae: The Basis of Mankind Sustainability
(2017)
Microalgae were the basis of life into the planet, but only recently these microorganisms are exploited at a commercial scale. Thus, the production of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, feed, and foods from microalgae is today a ...
Chapter Examining Non‐Celiac Consumers of Gluten‐Free Products: An Empirical Evidence in Spain
(2017)
Energy‐dependent full‐field transmission soft X‐ray microscopy is a powerful technique that provides chemical information with spatial resolution at the nanoscale. Oxygen K‐level transitions can be optimally detected, and ...
Chapter Digital signal processing for optical communications and networks
(2017)
The achievable information rates of optical communication networks have been widely increased over the past four decades with the introduction and development of optical amplifiers, coherent detection, advanced modulation ...
Chapter Spin-Wave Dynamics in the Presence of Magnetic Vortices
(2017)
This chapter describes spin-wave excitations in nanosized dots and rings in the presence of the vortex state. The special attention is paid to the manifestation of the competition between exchange and dipolar interactions ...
Chapter Opportunities of Scanning Probe Microscopy for Electrical, Mechanical and Electromechanical Research of Semiconductor Nanowires
(2017)
In this chapter, three types of phenomena (electrical, mechanical, and electromechanical) that can be investigated in individual III–V semiconductor nanowires with scanning probe microscope are presented. Transport ...
Chapter Polystyrene as Hazardous Household Waste
(2017)
During the Humanitarian‐demining actions, teleoperation of sensors or multi‐sensor heads can enhance-detection process by allowing more precise scanning, which is useful for the optimization of the signal processing ...
Chapter Plasmonics Devoted to Photocatalytic Applications in Liquid, Gas, and Biological Environments
(2017)
Plasmonic nanomaterials have emerged in the last years as a very interesting option for many photocatalytic processes. Their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) brings in some unique properties that overcome some ...
Chapter Smartphone: The Ultimate IoT and IoE Device
(2017)
Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Everything (IoE) are emerging communication concepts that will interconnect a variety of devices (including smartphones, home appliances, sensors, and other network devices), people, ...
Chapter X‐Ray Spectroscopy on Biological Systems
(2017)
Oxide-based electronics have been well established as an alternative to silicon technology; however, typical processing requires complex, high-vacuum equipment, which is a major drawback, particularly when targeting low-cost ...
Chapter Introduction to the Use of Robotic Tools for Search and Rescue
(2017)
Modern search and rescue workers are equipped with a powerful toolkit to address natural and man-made disasters. This introductory chapter explains how a new tool can be added to this toolkit: robots. The use of robotic ...
Chapter RoCKIn@Work: Industrial Robot Challenge
(2017)
RoCKIn@Work was focused on benchmarks in the domain of industrial robots. Both task and functionality benchmarks were derived from real world applications. All of them were part of a bigger user story painting the picture ...
Chapter HSE Management for a Sound Work Environment: Strategies for Improving Health Safety and Environmental Indicators through Ergonomic Design Thinking
(2017)
The environmental effect of ground-borne vibration and noise generated by urban rail transit systems is a growing concern in urban areas. This chapter reviews, synthesizes and benchmarks new understandings related to railway ...
Chapter Assessing the Performance of Personal Protective Equipment1
(2017)
Schistosomiasis is the second most prevalent parasitic disease in the world. Currently, the treatment of this disease relies on a single drug, praziquantel, and due to the identification of resistant parasites, the development ...
Chapter Advanced Microfluidic Assays for Caenorhabditis elegans
(2016)
Gait function can be altered after incomplete spinal cord (iSCI) lesions. Muscular weakness, co‐activation of antagonist muscles, and altered muscle mechanics are likely to provoke abnormal gait and postural movements. ...
Chapter Fabrication Methodologies of Biomimetic and Bioactive Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering Applications
(2017)
Tissue engineering has offered wide technologies for developing functional biomaterials substitutes for repair and regeneration of damaged tissue and organs. Biomimetic materials with their inherent nature to mimic natural ...
Chapter The Hypoxia-Reoxygenation Injury Model
(2017)
Near-surface atmospheric measurements over urban or industrial areas aimed at assisting the air-quality monitoring attain increasing societal significance due to the strong and direct impact of aerosol pollutions in the ...
Chapter Vascular Tissue Development and Regeneration in the Model Plant Arabidopsis
(2017)
Development of vascular tissue is a remarkable example of intercellular communication and coordinated development involving hormonal signaling and tissue polarity. Thus far, studies on vascular patterning and regeneration ...
Chapter Periodontal Considerations in Adult Orthodontic Patients
(2017)
The relationship between periodontology and orthodontics consists of a highly complex, bidirectional and close interaction that is nowadays characterized by controversial scientific opinions and clinical approaches. The ...
Chapter Studies of Lithium-Oxygen Battery Electrodes by Energy- Dependent Full-Field Transmission Soft X-Ray Microscopy
(2017)
The employment of printing techniques as cost-effective methods to fabricate low cost, flexible, disposable and sustainable solar cells is intimately dependent on the substrate properties and the adequate electronic devices ...
Chapter Tactical Communications for Cooperative SAR Robot Missions
(2017)
This chapter describes how the ICARUS communications (COM) team defined, developed and implemented an integrated wireless communication system to ensure an interoperable and dependable networking capability for both human ...
Chapter Formability and Performance of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys with Different Initial Tempers in Creep Aging Process
(2017)
The initial temper may directly affect the deformation behavior and material performance in creep age forming (CAF) process. Five heat treatment states are selected as the initial tempers for CAF, namely, solution, peak-aging ...
Chapter Performance Analysis of an Integrated Starter-Alternator- Booster for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
(2017)
The chapter aims to investigate the reduction of the fuel consumption of conventional vehicles using mild-hybridization and considering the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), using two topologies of electrical machines ...
Chapter Graphene and Active Metamaterials: Theoretical Methods and Physical Properties
(2017)
Protective immune defences are dependent upon critical roles played by dendritic cells (DCs), rendering them important targets for both vaccine delivery and virus infection. Studies in these areas led to successful development ...
Chapter Membrane Dynamics of Spermatozoa during Capacitation: New Insight in Germ Cells Signalling
(2018)
The study of germline stem cells and of germline cells has deep implications for the understanding of fertility, development and cancer. Nowadays, we are experiencing the very fascinating challenge of application of –OMICS ...
Chapter The Intertwined Chloroplast and Nuclear Genome Coevolution in Plants
(2018)
Photosynthetic eukaryotic cells arose more than a billion years ago through the engulfment of a cyanobacterium that was then converted into a chloroplast, enabling plants to perform photosynthesis. Since this event, ...
Chapter Influence of Glycaemic Control on Cognitive Function in Diabetic Children and Adolescents
(2018)
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the number of people with diabetes has risen to 422 million in 2014. Poorly managed diabetes leads to chronic hyper and/or hypoglycaemia, which are associated with neurological ...
Chapter Self-healing of Structural Composites Containing Dendrimers as Healing Agent
(2018)
Dendrimers exhibit healing functionalities on polymer level. In the present chapter, the effect of hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymers (SP) into high performance aerospace carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) is ...
Chapter Determinants and Tools to Evaluate the Ecological Sustainability of Using Forest Biomass as an Alternative Energy Source
(2018)
Forest biomass, the most ancient of fuels, is again in the center of renewable energy production. This chapter provides an introductory view of the main factors that condition the ecological sustainability of this energy ...
Chapter Continuous Anything for Distributed Research Projects
(2018)
International research projects involve large, distributed teams made up from multiple institutions. These teams create research artefacts that need to work together in order to demonstrate and ship the project results. ...
Chapter Earth Observation for Urban Climate Monitoring: Surface Cover and Land Surface Temperature
(2018)
The rate at which global climate change is happening is arguably the most pressing environmental challenge of the century, and it affects our cities. Climate change exerts added stress on urban areas through increased ...
Chapter Development of Sustainable High-Strength Self-Consolidating Concrete Utilising Fly Ash, Shale Ash and Microsilica
(2018)
With high flowability and passing ability, self-consolidating concrete (SCC) does not require compaction during casting and can improve constructability. The favourable properties of SCC have enabled its widespread adoption ...
Chapter Optimization of an Earth Observation Data Processing and Distribution System
(2018)
Conventional Earth Observation Payload Data Ground Segments (PDGS) continuously receive variable requests for data processing and distribution. However, their architecture was conceived to be on the premises of satellite ...
Chapter Spinel Ferrite Nanoparticles: Correlation of Structure and Magnetism
(2017)
Filter bank multi‐carrier (FBMC) modulation, as a potential candidate for physical data communication in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks, has been widely investigated. This chapter focuses on the spectral ...
Chapter Schistosomiasis: Setting Routes for Drug Discovery
(2016)
Air quality sampling campaigns in three European subway systems (Barcelona, Athens and Oporto) were conducted in order to characterise particulate matter (PM) to better understand the main factors controlling it. PM mass ...
Chapter Laser Annealing as a Platform for Plasmonic Nanostructuring
(2017)
This chapter investigates the personal factors that influence intention to purchase gluten‐free products (GFPs) in Spain by non‐celiac consumers. To achieve this objective, a survey was conducted with 222 consumers in a ...
Chapter A common approach to foster prevention and recovery of forest fires in Mediterranean Europe
(2017)
Most countries of Mediterranean Europe are strongly affected by forest fires, with major socio-economic and environmental impacts that can spread over several regions and countries. A transnational approach allows creating ...
Chapter Characterisation of Airborne Particulate Matter in Different European Subway Systems
(2017)
Hypoxia-reoxygenation injury is a commonly used in vitro model of ischemia, which is useful to study the recovery processes following the hypoxic period. Hypoxia can be rapidly induced in vitro by replacing the culture ...
Chapter Globally Optimised Energy-Efficient Data Centres
(2017)
A great deal of energy in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems can be wasted by software, regardless of how energy-efficient the underlying hardware is. To avoid such waste, programmers need to understand ...
Chapter Measuring Energy
(2017)
Data centres are part of today's critical information and communication infrastructure, and the majority of business transactions as well as much of our digital life now depend on them. At the same time, data centres are ...
Chapter Effect of Local Delivery of GDNF Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Nerve Regeneration along Long Chitosan Nerve Guide
(2017)
Local delivery of neurotrophic factors is a pillar of neural repair strategies in the peripheral nervous system. The main disadvantage of the free growth factors is their short half‐life of few minutes. In previous studies, ...
Chapter European Health System Typologies: Last 30 Years Under Review
(2017)
The quest of the researcher to classify national health systems into homogeneous groups has a long history. In this paper, the last 30 years are divided in two periods (1985–2000 and 2000–2015) in order to present and ...
Chapter Remote Sensing for Non‐Technical Survey
(2017)
Ergonomic Design Thinking (EDT) is a project management methodology that takes advantage of two important concepts or themes in carrying out project actions. The first is Design Thinking itself, a project management approach ...
Chapter Nanotoxicity in cancer research: technical protocols and tips considerations for the use of 3D tumour spheroids
(2018)
The poor clinical translation of oncological nanomedicine products is one of the greatest challenges faced by research today. The use of reductionist in vitro models of human cancer and non-predictive animal models is ...
Chapter Ultrafast Time‐Resolved Measurements of Hybrid Solar Cells
(2017)
The early time charge carrier dynamics in quantum dot‐sensitized and organo‐metal halide perovskite solar cells are presented in this chapter. Using transient spectroscopy techniques, i.e., absorption, photoluminescence, ...
Chapter Adaptive Automation and the Third Pilot
(2018)
Currently, automation does not take into consideration the cognitive and emotional state of the crew. Rather, automation provides assistance based on explicit and static task assignments, with no adaptive capabilities, ...
Chapter Digital All-Optical Physical-Layer Network Coding
(2018)
Network coding (NC) has recently attracted intense research focus for its potential to provide network throughput enhancements, security and reduced network congestions, improving in this way the overall network performance ...
Chapter Unmanned Ground Robots for Rescue Tasks
(2017)
This chapter describes two unmanned ground vehicles that can help search and rescue teams in their difficult, but life-saving tasks. These robotic assets have been developed within the framework of the European project ...
Chapter User-Centered Design
(2017)
The successful introduction and acceptance of novel technological tools are only possible if end users are completely integrated in the design process. However, obtaining such integration of end users is not obvious, as ...
Chapter Unmanned Aerial Systems
(2017)
Unmanned aerial platforms are a means to gather efficiently valuable aerial information to support the crisis manager for further tactical planning and deployment. They can provide continuous support to the coordinators ...
Chapter Unmanned Maritime Systems for Search and Rescue
(2017)
The development of maritime unmanned tools for search and rescue operations is not a trivial task. A great part of maritime unmanned systems developed did not target such application, being more focused on environmental ...
Chapter ICARUS Training and Support System
(2017)
The ICARUS unmanned tools act as gatherers, which acquire enormous amount of information. The management of all these data requires the careful consideration of an intelligent support system. This chapter discusses the ...
Chapter New Generation of High Efficient OLED Using Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Materials
(2018)
The search for efficient materials for organic light emitting diodes is one of the most imperative research area. The focus is to obtain a bright large area emitter, limited by the low internal quantum efficiency of ...
Chapter Absolute Density Measures Estimation Functions with Very High Resolution Satellite Images
(2018)
Assessment and monitoring of forest structure is frequently done with absolute density measures with field forest inventory data and expansion methods. The development of basal area and the number of trees estimation ...